Ngamanye amaxesha uFebruwari uba nomtsalane ongaqhelekanga kwikhalenda. Umzekelo, ngoFebruwari 2021, umntu unokufumana "uFebruwari ofana nonxantathu ngokugqibeleleyo." Esi siphumo singaqhelekanga senzeka xa uFebruwari eneentsuku \(28\) ngqo kwaye umhla woku-1 kuFebruwari ungoMvulo. Kodwa oku kwenzeka kangaphi ngokwenene, kwaye kufuneka silinde ixesha elingakanani kwixesha elizayo?
Ukuze uFebruwari ubonakale "uxande ngokugqibeleleyo," iimeko ezimbini kufuneka zifezekiswe:
- Kufuneka ibe ngunyaka ongatsibayo, ngoko ke uFebruwari uneentsuku ezichanekileyo \(28\),
- I-1 kaFebruwari kufuneka ibe ngoMvulo.
Ukuba zombini ezi meko zihlangatyeziwe, uFebruwari ungena ngqo kwigridi \(4x7\) kwikhalenda, kungekho ntsuku zisuka kwezinye iinyanga ezivela kwiveki enye.:
Kwikhalenda kaGregory ke ngoko kukho iindidi zekhalenda ezinokuthi \(14\) ezinokubakho: ezisixhenxe zeminyaka engeyiyo imitsi ( \(365\) iintsuku), apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari uwela ngosuku olwahlukileyo lweveki, kunye nesixhenxe seminyaka yokuxhuma \(366\) iintsuku), apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari nawo uwela ngosuku olwahlukileyo lweveki.
Masithi sichaza \(365\) ikhalenda yosuku apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari ungoMvulo njenge \(A\) . Ikhalenda apho unyaka uqala ngoLwesibini ithi \(B\) , leyo ngoLwesithathu ngu \(C\) njalo njalo de kube \(G\) . Emva koko sichaza \(366\) -ikhalenda yosuku apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari uwela ngoMvulo njenge \(1\) , ngoLwesibini njenge \(2\) , njalo njalo. Oku kuphumela kwezi khalenda zilandelayo zili-14:
- Iintsuku ezingama-365: \(A, B, C, D, E, F, G\)
- Iintsuku ezingama-366 (iminyaka yomnqantsa): \(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\)
Ngoku, uJanuwari uhlala uneentsuku \(31\) , kwaye sifuna uFebruwari aqale ngoMvulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umhla wama-31 kuJanuwari kufuneka uwe ngeCawa. Ukuba umhla wama-24, umhla we-17, umhla we-10, nowe-3 kuJanuwari ziiCawa, ngoko umhla woku-1 kuJanuwari uwe ngoLwesihlanu. Ke ngoko, sifuna ikhalenda u- \(E\) Ikhalenda yesi \(5\) ayinakusetyenziswa kuba yikhalenda yonyaka otsibayo eneentsuku ezingama \(29\) kuFebruwari.
Ikhalenda ilandela umjikelo wonyaka \(400\) wonyaka. Kukho \(97\) iminyaka yomnqantsa kulo mjikelo, kwaye xa uwonke umjikelo ubandakanya \(146.097\) iintsuku. Emva koko umjikelo uqala kwakhona. Ngo \(2001\) umjikelo omtsha waqala kwaye uJanuwari 1st wawa ngoMvulo. Kunyaka oqhelekileyo weentsuku \(365\) , unyaka omtsha uhlala uqala ngosuku olulandelayo lweveki xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo. Nangona kunjalo, emva konyaka we-leap, unyaka omtsha uqala kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva. NgoJanuwari 1, 2001 yayinguMvulo, 2002 ngoLwesibini, 2003 ngoLwesithathu, 2004 ngoLwesine no-2005 ngoMgqibelo. Akukho minyaka yomtsi kwinkulungwane yeminyaka ngaphandle kokuba unyaka wenkulungwane wahlulwa ngo \(400\) .
Ulandelelwano lwekhalenda kumjikelo weminyaka engama \(400\) lubonakala ngolu hlobo::
$$\displaylines{ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCDE\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GABC\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFGA\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6}$$
Ngoku into ekufuneka siyenze kukubala ukuba ikhalenda \(E\) ivela kangaphi kolu landelelwano. Kukho \(43\) izehlo:
$$\frac{43}{400} = \frac{10,75}{100} = 10,75\%$$
Isikwere esigqibeleleyo sikaFebruwari yinto enqabileyo yekhalenda eyenzeka kuphela kanye kwiminyaka elishumi. Ke kwixesha elizayo xa ubona ikhalenda enesikweri esigqibeleleyo sikaFebruwari, yazi ukuba ubona umzuzu onqabileyo kunye nomhle ofika kube kanye kwishumi leminyaka nangaphezulu. Ngendlela, ixesha elizayo liya kwenzeka ngoFebruwari 2027.