Maxa wambi uFebruwari unemilo enomtsalane ngokungaqhelekanga kwikhalenda. Umzekelo, ngoFebruwari 2021 umntu unokufumana umzuzu onjalo, ebona "i-rectangular epheleleyo ngoFebruwari". Esi siphumo sinqabileyo senzeke xa uFebruwari eneentsuku ze- \(28\) kanye kunye ne-1 kaFebruwari iba ngoMvulo. Kodwa oku kwenzeka kangaphi kwaye kufuneka ulinde ixesha elingakanani kwixesha elizayo?
Ukuze uFebruwari ubonakale "uxande ngokugqibeleleyo," iimeko ezimbini kufuneka zifezekiswe:
- Kufuneka ibe ngunyaka ongatsibayo, ngoko ke uFebruwari uneentsuku ezichanekileyo \(28\),
- I-1 kaFebruwari kufuneka ibe ngoMvulo.
Ukuba zombini ezi meko zihlangatyeziwe, uFebruwari ungena ngqo kwigridi \(4x7\) kwikhalenda, kungekho ntsuku zisuka kwezinye iinyanga ezivela kwiveki enye.:
Kwikhalenda kaGregory kukho \(14\) iintlobo zekhalenda ezinokubakho: ezisixhenxe zeminyaka engabalulekanga ( \(365\) iintsuku) apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari uwela ngosuku olwahlukileyo lweveki kunye nesixhenxe seminyaka emitsi \(366\) iintsuku) apho i-1 kaJanuwari nayo iwela ngosuku olwahlukileyo lweveki.
Masithi sichaza \(365\) ikhalenda yosuku apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari ungoMvulo njenge \(A\) . Ikhalenda apho unyaka uqala ngoLwesibini ithi \(B\) , leyo ngoLwesithathu ngu \(C\) njalo njalo de kube \(G\) . Emva koko sibhekisela kwiikhalenda zosuku \(366\) -usuku apho umhla woku-1 kaJanuwari ungoMvulo njenge \(1\) , ngoLwesibini njenge \(2\) , njalo njalo. Oku kuphumela kwezi khalenda zilandelayo zili-14:
- Iintsuku ezingama-365: \(A, B, C, D, E, F, G\)
- Iintsuku ezingama-366 (iminyaka yomnqantsa): \(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\)
Ngoku uJanuwari usoloko eneentsuku \(31\) kwaye sifuna uFebruwari aqale ngoMvulo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-31 kaJanuwari kufuneka ibe ngeCawa. Ukuba uJanuwari 24, 17, 10 kunye ne-3rd ziiCawa, ngoko ngoJanuwari 1st ungoLwesihlanu. Ngoko sikhangela ikhalenda \(E\) . IKhalenda \(5\) ayinakusetyenziswa kuba le yiminyaka ye-leap apho uFebruwari aneentsuku \(29\) .
Ikhalenda ilandela umjikelo wonyaka \(400\) wonyaka. Kukho \(97\) iminyaka yomnqantsa kulo mjikelo, kwaye xa uwonke umjikelo ubandakanya \(146.097\) iintsuku. Emva koko umjikelo uqala kwakhona. Ngo \(2001\) umjikelo omtsha waqala kwaye uJanuwari 1st wawa ngoMvulo. Kunyaka oqhelekileyo weentsuku \(365\) , unyaka omtsha uhlala uqala ngosuku olulandelayo lweveki xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo. Nangona kunjalo, emva konyaka we-leap, unyaka omtsha uqala kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva. NgoJanuwari 1, 2001 yayinguMvulo, 2002 ngoLwesibini, 2003 ngoLwesithathu, 2004 ngoLwesine no-2005 ngoMgqibelo. Akukho minyaka yomtsi kwinkulungwane yeminyaka ngaphandle kokuba unyaka wenkulungwane wahlulwa ngo \(400\) .
Ulandelelwano lwekhalenda kumjikelo wonyaka \(400\) luhamba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
$$\displaylines{ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCDE\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GABC\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFGA\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6}$$
Ngoku into ekufuneka siyenze kukubala ukuba ikhalenda \(E\) ivela kangaphi kolu landelelwano. Kukho \(43\) izehlo:
$$\frac{43}{400} = \frac{10,75}{100} = 10,75\%$$
Isikwere esigqibeleleyo sikaFebruwari yinto enqabileyo yekhalenda eyenzeka kuphela kanye kwiminyaka elishumi. Ke kwixesha elizayo xa ubona ikhalenda enesikweri esigqibeleleyo sikaFebruwari, yazi ukuba ubona umzuzu onqabileyo kunye nomhle ofika kube kanye kwishumi leminyaka nangaphezulu. Ngendlela, ixesha elizayo liya kwenzeka ngoFebruwari 2027.