Febraayo mararka qaar waxay qaadataa qaab aan caadi ahayn oo soo jiidasho leh jadwalka. Tusaale ahaan, Febraayo 2021, qofku wuxuu la kulmi karaa "Febraayo qaabaysan oo qumman." Saamayntan naadirka ah waxay dhacdaa marka Febraayo ay tahay \(28\) maalmood oo sax ah iyo Febraayo 1 ay ku dhacdo Isniin. Laakiin intee jeer ayay tani dhab ahaantii dhacdaa, intee in le'eg ayayna tahay inaan sugno waqtiga xiga?
Febraayo si ay ugu muuqato "leydi qumman," waa in la buuxiyaa laba shuruudood:
- Waa in uu ahaado sanad aan boodayn, sidaa awgeed February waxa ay leedahay maalmo sax ah \(28\),
- 1-da Febraayo waa inay dhacdaa maalin Isniin ah.
Haddii labada shuruudood la buuxiyo, Feebarwari waxay si sax ah ugu habboon tahay shabagga \(4x7\) ee jadwalka, iyada oo aysan jirin maalmo bilo kale ka soo baxay isla usbuuca.:
Kalandarka \(14\) waxaa jira noocyo kalandareedka suurtagalka ah: todobo sano oo aan boodayn ( \(365\) maalmood) oo 1-da Janaayo ku beegan tahay maalin kala duwan oo toddobaadka ah iyo toddoba sannadaha boodboodka ( \(366\) maalmood) halkaasoo Janaayo 1deeda ay sidoo kale ku dhacdo maalin ka duwan toddobaadka.
Ka soo qaad in aynu u tilmaamno \(365\) maalinta kalandarka halkaas oo Janaayo 1 ay ku beegan tahay Isniinta sida \(A\) . Jadwalka uu sannadku ka bilaabmo maalinta Talaadada ah waa \(B\) , maalinta Arbacada waa \(C\) iyo wixii la mid ah ilaa laga gaaro \(G\) . Ka dib waxaan tixraacaynaa taariikhda \(366\) -maalintii ay Janaayo 1-deeda ku beegan tahay Isniinta sida \(1\) , Talaadadana waa \(2\) iyo wixii la mid ah. Tani waxay keenaysaa 14 kalandarka kala duwan ee soo socda:
- 365 maalmood: \(A, B, C, D, E, F, G\)
- 366 maalmood (leap years): \(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\)
Hadda, Janaayo had iyo jeer waxay leedahay \(31\) maalmood, waxaana rabnaa in Febraayo ay bilaabato Isniin. Taas macnaheedu waa in Janaayo 31 ay tahay inay ku dhacdo Axad. Haddii Janaayo 24, 17, 10, iyo 3 ay yihiin Axad, markaas Janaayo 1 waxay ku dhacdaa Jimce. Sidaa darteed, waxaan raadineynaa jadwalka \(E\) Jadwalka \(5\) lama isticmaali karo sababtoo ah waa jadwal sanad boodbood ah oo leh \(29\) maalmood Febraayo.
Jadwalku wuxuu raacayaa wareegga sanadka \(400\) . Waxaa wareeggan ku jira \(97\) sano oo leap ah, guud ahaanna wareegga waxaa ku jira \(146.097\) maalmood. Kadibna wareeggu mar kale ayuu bilaabmaa. In \(2001\) wareeg cusub bilaabay iyo January 1-deedii dhacay maalin Isniin ah. Sannadka caadiga ah \(365\) maalin, sanadka cusub wuxuu had iyo jeer bilaabmaa maalinta xigta ee toddobaadka marka loo eego sannadkii hore. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sanadka boodboodka ka dib, sanadka cusub wuxuu bilaabmaa laba maalmood ka dib. Janaayo 1, 2001 waxay ahayd Isniin, 2002 Talaado, 2003 maalin Arbaco, 2004-tii Khamiis iyo 2005-tii maalin Sabti ah. Sannadaha qarniga ma jiraan sannado boodbood ah ilaa sannadka qarniga aan la qaybin karin \(400\) .
Taxanaha jadwalka wareegga \(400\) sano wuxuu u eg yahay sidan::
$$\displaylines{ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCDE\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GABC\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFGA\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6}$$
Hadda waxa kaliya ee ay tahay in aan sameyno waa tirinta inta jeer ee jadwalka \(E\) ka soo muuqdo taxanahan. Waxaa jira dhacdooyin \(43\):
$$\frac{43}{400} = \frac{10,75}{100} = 10,75\%$$
Feebarweri laba jibaaran yahay oo dhammaystiran waa ifafaale naadir ah oo kalandarka oo dhaca tobankii sanoba hal mar. Markaa marka xigta ee aad aragto jadwal leh labajibbaaran Febraayo, ogow inaad markhaati ka tahay waqti naadir ah oo qurux badan oo soo noqnoqda hal mar tobankii sano ama wax ka badan. Jid ahaan, wakhtiga xiga wuxuu dhici doonaa Febraayo 2027.