ʻO Pepeluali i kekahi manawa he ʻano hoihoi ʻē aʻe ma ka kalena. No ka laʻana, ma Pepeluali 2021 hiki i kekahi ke ʻike i kahi manawa like, me ka ʻike ʻana i kahi "Fepeluali rectangular kūpono loa". Loaʻa kēia hopena kakaʻikahi ke loaʻa pololei nā lā \(28\) o Pepeluali a hāʻule ka lā 1 o Pepeluali i ka Pōʻakahi. Akā, pehea ka pinepine o kēia hana a pehea ka lōʻihi e kali ai ʻoe no ka manawa aʻe?
No ka 'ike 'ana o Feberuari "he 'aha kūpono loa," pono e ho'okō 'ia nā kūlana 'elua:
- He makahiki lele ʻole ia, no laila he \(28\) mau lā o Pepeluali,
- Pono ka lā 1 o Pepeluali i ka Pōʻakahi.
Inā hoʻokō ʻia nā kūlana ʻelua, pili pono ʻo Pepeluali i kahi mākia \(4x7\) ma ka alemanaka, ʻaʻohe lā mai nā mahina ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻia i ka pule hoʻokahi.:
Aia ma ka kalena Gregorian he \(14\) hiki ke ano alemanaka: ehiku no na makahiki lele ole ( \(365\) mau la), kahi e haule ai ka la 1 o Ianuari i kekahi la okoa o ka pule a ehiku no na makahiki lele ( \(366\) lā) kahi e hāʻule ai ka lā 1 o Ianuali ma kekahi lā ʻokoʻa o ka pule.
Inā mākou e hōʻike i ka \(365\) lā kalena kahi e hāʻule ai ka lā 1 o Ianuali ma ka Pōʻakahi ma ke ʻano he \(A\) . 'O ka 'alemanaka e ho'omaka ai ka makahiki i ka Poalua 'o \(B\) , 'o ia ma ka Poakolu 'o \(C\) a pela aku a hiki i \(G\) . A laila, ʻike mākou i ka \(366\) -lā alemanaka kahi e hāʻule ai ka lā 1 o Ianuali ma ka Pōʻakahi ʻo \(1\) , a ma ka Pōʻalua ʻo \(2\) , a pēlā aku. Loaʻa kēia i nā kalena like ʻole he 14:
- 365 lā: \(A, B, C, D, E, F, G\)
- 366 lā (makahiki lele): \(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7\)
I kēia manawa he \(31\) mau lā o Ianuali, a makemake mākou e hoʻomaka ʻo Pepeluali i ka Pōʻakahi. 'O ia ho'i, pono e hā'ule ka lā 31 o Ianuali i ka lā Sābati. Ina he la Sabati ka la 24, 17, 10, a me 3 o Ianuari, alaila, haule ka la 1 o Ianuari i ka Poalima. No laila ke ʻimi nei mākou i ka kalena \(E\) . ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Kalena \(5\) no ka mea he mau makahiki lele kēia i loaʻa iā Feberuari \(29\) lā.
Ke hahai nei ka 'alemanaka i kahi pō'ai makahiki \(400\) . Aia nā \(97\) makahiki lele ma kēia pōʻaiapuni, a ʻo ka huina o ka pōʻaiapuni aia he \(146.097\) lā. A laila hoʻomaka hou ka pōʻai. Ma \(2001\) ua hoʻomaka ka pōʻaiapuni hou a hāʻule ka lā 1 o Ianuali i ka Pōʻakahi. I ka makahiki maʻamau \(365\) lā, hoʻomaka mau ka makahiki hou i ka lā aʻe o ka pule i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka makahiki i hala. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka makahiki lele, hoʻomaka ka makahiki hou i ʻelua lā ma hope. ʻO Ianuali 1, 2001 he Pōʻakahi, 2002 i ka Pōʻalua, 2003 i ka Pōʻakolu, 2004 i ka Pōʻalima a me 2005 i ka Pōʻaono. ʻAʻohe makahiki lele i nā makahiki keneta ke ʻole e puʻunaue ʻia ka makahiki keneturi me \(400\) .
ʻO ke kaʻina alemanaka ma luna o kahi pōʻai makahiki \(400\) penei:
$$\displaylines{ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCDE\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GABC\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6\\
ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3\\
EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFGA\\
BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4\\
FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1\\
CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2 \,\, DEF7 \,\, BCD5\\
GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6 \,\, ABC4 \,\, FGA2\\
DEF7 \,\, BCD5 \,\, GAB3 \,\, EFG1 \,\, CDE6}$$
ʻO kā mākou mea e hana ai, ʻo ka helu ʻana i ka nui o ka puka ʻana o ka kalena \(E\) ma kēia kaʻina. Aia he \(43\) hanana:
$$\frac{43}{400} = \frac{10,75}{100} = 10,75\%$$
ʻO ka huinahā kūpono o Pepeluali he hanana kalena kakaʻikahi e kū wale ana ma kahi o hoʻokahi manawa i loko o ʻumi makahiki. No laila i ka manawa aʻe e ʻike ai ʻoe i kahi kalena me kahi huina kūpono o Pepeluali, e ʻike ʻoe ke ʻike nei ʻoe i kahi manawa kakaʻikahi a nani hoʻi e hiki mai ana i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻumi makahiki. Ma ke ala, e hana ʻia ka manawa aʻe ma Pepeluali 2027.